Document Type : Research article
Authors
1
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
2
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
3
Animal and Poultry Management and Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni- Suef 62511, Egypt.
4
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Bougainvillea glabra (BG) is an ornamental plant with valuable pharmacological activities. The current experiment aimed to evaluate the safety limit of Bougainvillea glabra leaves flavonoids-rich fraction in Wistar rats. Female rats were equally divided into 3 groups. One group served as a normal control, and the other groups were treated with 2 and 3 g/kg b.w of the fraction, respectively, as a single oral dose. Weight gain was measured weekly, and the rats were observed throughout the experimental period. After 14 days, behavioral activities were examined. Hematological and biochemical measurements, along with histopathological examination of the liver and kidney were performed. The results revealed that the BG fraction could be classed as category 5 following the OECD guidelines. The fraction at 2 g/kg b.w dose did not cause mortality or significant alteration in body weight gain, hematological, and biochemical parameters. Bougainvillea fraction at both doses improved working memory; however, the 2 g/kg b.w dose only had a significant anxiolytic effect. There was a significant decrease in Hb, PCV and absolute lymphopenia accompanied by neutrophilia in rats received a dose of 3 g/kg b.w, as well as a significant increase in ALT, AST, creatinine and urea. Histopathological examination of hepatic and renal tissues of this group also showed adverse effects. In conclusion, Bougainvillea glabra flavonoids rich fraction at 2 g/kg b.w dose was well tolerated by rats and caused no adverse effects, while the 3 g/kg b.w dose had a toxic effect on body weight, some hematological parameters, liver and kidney.
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