MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL-DERIVED EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES: A PROMISING THERAPEUTIC APPROACH FOR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION

Document Type : Review article

Authors

1 Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.

2 Department of Pathology, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt

3 Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt.

Abstract


Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive retinal disorder that leads to vision loss, mainly because the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors break down. AMD pathophysiology involves complex mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, severe inflammation, and cellular degeneration, leading to drusen and lipofuscin formation. And current treatments, such as retinal laser therapy, photodynamic therapy, and even anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, showed high limitations, especially for dry AMD. So, this review revealed the systematic potential effect of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) as a novel treatment for AMD. MSC-Exos influence gene expression, remodel the extracellular matrix, and deliver growth factors. These characteristics offer a more effective treatment for AMD.

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