Document Type : Research article
Authors
1
Department of Virology, Fac. Vet. Med., Beni – Suef University, Egypt.
2
(1) Department of Virology, Fac. Vet. Med., Beni – Suef University, Egypt
3
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Beni-Suef University, Egypt
4
Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Beni-Suef University, Egypt 3 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, EL-Zawia University, Libya
5
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, EL-Zawia University, Libya
Abstract
During 2017-2018, successive outbreaks of LSDV in cattle vaccinated with sheep pox virus (SPPV) vaccine were confirmed in Beni Suef Governorate, Egypt. Nucleotides and amino acids sequencing of the protein receptor gene (GPCR), homogeneity ratio between the Egyptian strain isolated in 2018, and the phylogenic tree of this strain with previous Egyptian , African, Asian, and European isolates of Capripox viruses has been done. The target sequence of this virus was submitted to the gene bank under the name (LSDV/ Egy-BSU / 2018) and with the accession number (MK552139.1). All Egyptian strains from 2014 to 2018 are homogeneous by 98-100%, while the homogeneity ratio with sheep pox or goat pox is within 92%. This Egyptian LSDV isolated during 2018 contains deleted amino acids in locus (30-33), but it does not deleted in the original strains from Kenya (LSD NI-2490 (AF325528.1) and (LSDV/Kenyan/SGP/O-240 (KJ818281.1). The deletion of these amino acids residues (30-33) may be due to the emergence of a recombinant strain of circulating field strains and the prototype strain of the live attenuated virus vaccine used. Therefore, it has become urgent to use the recently isolated specific Neethling strain of LSDV to prepare inactivated vaccines for controlling LSD and avoid using any other Capripox viruses’ live attenuated vaccines due to the natural occurrence of genetic recombination among these viruses. We recommend the use of inactivated vaccines prepared from modern homogeneous strains for their specific hosts, to avoid: (1) virus shedding, (2) return to virulence, and (3) the emergence of recombinant vaccine strains. To provide sustained elevated antibodies and activate cellular immunity, each of the inactivated Capripox vaccines must be adjuvanted with nonspecific natural immune like Nigella Sativa oil. The most important issue, live Caprybox virus attenuated vaccines must be banned to avoid the reappearance of the disease in vaccinated animals.
Keywords
Main Subjects
)
View on SCiNiTO