Document Type : Research article
Authors
1
Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt.
2
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt..
Abstract
Examining hematological alterations, oxidative state and their relationship to anemia in cattle with blood parasite infections was the aim of this study. A total of 72 blood samples were obtained from cattle of various ages and both sexes exhibiting clinical symptoms suggestive of blood parasite infection. Clinical and microscopic examinations were conducted on the selected animals for parasitic piroplasm. Blood samples were collected for measuring the hematological parameters and status of oxidative stress biomarkers, which included glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The total number (n=72), in addition to 10 clinically healthy animals, with normal hematological parameters and free from blood parasites, represented the control group. Based on the microscopical examination, Theileria and Babesia parasites were the common blood parasites in our study. Packed cell volume (%) was used to classify anemic cattle (n= 39) into three groups, mild, moderate and severe anemic groups. Results of the Theileria infection revealed that all anemic cattle groups showed significant decreases (P˂0.05) in RBCs, Hb conc, and PCV%, but only the moderate group showed significant decreases (P˂0.05) in MCV and MCH, accompanied with thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, and significant increases (P˂0.05) were observed in granulocytes. On the other hand, cattle infected with babesiosis showed a marked significant decline (P˂0.05) in RBCs, Hb conc, PCV%, MCV, MCH and granulocytes in all anemic cattle groups, compared to healthy ones. Leukopenia (P˂0.05) and lymphopenia were observed in the severe group only. Oxidant/antioxidant assessment in all anemic cattle groups infected with theileriosis and babesiosis showed a significant increase in MDA level, whereas GSHpx, SOD, and G6PD exhibited significant reductions compared to the control group. So, these findings validate the idea that blood parasite infections are linked to oxidative stress, which could be responsible for the resulting anemia.
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