Document Type : Review article
Authors
1
Professor of Oral Biology, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan, and Faculty of Oral Medicine, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Egypt
2
Professor and Head of Department of Restorative Dentistry and Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Petra, and Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
3
Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Oral Medicine, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Egypt and Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia
4
Associated Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan, and Faculty of Dentistry, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
10.21608/avmj.2025.328197.1435
Abstract
The oral cavity is comprised of several structures that have different functions and reflect the overall health. Sex hormones are steroids produced from cholesterol. They are secreted in the mouth with saliva that is thought to possess some healing properties. Many studies have been aimed at the impacts of hormone fluctuations on certain types of oral tissues, especially periodontal tissues. There are numerous changes experienced as a result of hypoestrogenism among them being oral alterations. Local changes include a reduction of salivary function leading to decreased salivation and a predisposition of the oral mucosa to ulceration. Also in the oral cavity, xerostomia may make tooth caries more frequent. Added to the reduction of saliva, the gingival epithelium also becomes less robust, thus may further result in increased tooth mobility and possibly tooth loss due to the risk of invasion by bacteria and reduced alveolar bone mineral density for bone resorption. Since periodontal disease is one of the things that lowers quality of life, prevention and treatment of this damage are needed. This review revealed that the balance of the body's estrogen hormone with the periodontium is fixed. The objective of the present search was to establish whether intact and healthy oral tissues are linked with sex hormones within body fluids. To locate studies that address it, the main question to search for is: “Has there been any relationship between the concentration of estrogen in the body fluids and the integrities and healthy status of the oral tissues?".
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