Document Type : Research article
Authors
1
Directorate of Veterinary in Sulaimani, Salim Street, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
2
Department of Clinic and Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani; Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
3
Department of Clinic and Internal Medicine/ College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani
4
Department of Surgery and theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
5
University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
10.21608/avmj.2025.318007.1382
Abstract
Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) is a highly contagious and virulent viral infection that affects cattle and leads to enormous financial losses and economic impacts. The objective of this study was to examine the clinical and epidemiological features of LSD, with specific attention to the effects of season, breed, sex, and mortality rates. A comprehensive examination was conducted on a total of 387 cattle showing exhibited clinical symptoms of LSD, including excessive tearing, swelling of the legs, and the presence of nodules. A biopsy was obtained and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis to verify the presence of infection. The findings revealed that rates of LSD infection exhibited significant seasonal variation, reaching their highest point in spring (50%) and declining to the lowest level in autumn (5%). Crossbreeds had a 32% infection rate, whereas local breeds had a higher rate of 68%. The study noted a significant disparity in infection rates between genders, impacting 12% of males and 88% of females and a mortality rate of 20%. These results underscore the significant influence of breed, gender, and seasonal fluctuations on vulnerability to LSD, underscoring the necessity of specific control methods to reduce the disease's transmission and consequences.
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