EVALUATION OF THE TOLERANCE OF BIOFILM FORMING SALMONELLA ISOLATED FROM DEAD IN SHELL EMBRYOS TO SOME DISINFECTANTS

Document Type : Research article

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Poultry Diseases Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 71511, Egypt.

Abstract

Salmonella is a hazardous bacterium that can lead to dangerous human infections as well as catastrophic losses in chicken production. Disinfectants are frequently used in chicken houses to prevent the spread of zoonotic infections such as Salmonella strains.  The formation of bacteria strains resistant to various disinfectants is a serious problem when using disinfectants. The resistance of certain Salmonella serotypes to quaternary ammonium compounds is a manifestation of these phenomena and some Salmonella spp. may carry the qacED1 and qacA/B genes, which are responsible for this resistance. So the purpose of this study was to identify Salmonella serotypes and determine the most important virulence genes of the serotypes that were obtained from samples taken from dead chicken embryos. Evaluation the resistance of Salmonella strains against various disinfectants (Quaternary ammonium compounds QACS, iodine, and virkon S) and determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to investigate the antibacterial potential of plant essential oil components, such as thymol, cinnamaldehyde, and zingiberene, against Salmonella serotypes. A total of 115 samples were collected from dead chicken embryos, after isolation Salmonella isolates were reported to be 16/115 (13.9%). The most prevalent serotypes were Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Kentucky, Salmonella Anatum and Salmonella poona. Through the treatment of the bacteria at various concentrations, the disinfectants effectiveness was determined. Research has shown that the type and concentration of the disinfectant affect its biocidal activity. PCR was also used to detect the presence of qacED1 and qacA/B genes.

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