Document Type : Research article
Authors
1
Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Doki, Giza
2
Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (Gamasa Branch) Animal Health Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Agriculture, Research Center (ARC), Doki, Giza.
Abstract
Antibiotics are a vital part of modern life through disease prevention and treatment to enhance our quality of life. However, some poultry farmers employ one or more antibiotics, at various birds’ ages, as a regular practice for rearing poultry, leading to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The purpose of the current investigation is to detect the result of unnecessary usage of antibiotics on commensal Escherichia coli strains of meconium origin and integrons Class 1 existence in the isolated strains of E. coli obtained from one-day-old chicks from different sources. The results recorded that the isolated strains were multidrug resistant. Antimicrobial resistance profile of the strains that were reported multidrug resistance against Penicillin, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin Clavulanic acid, Cephradine, Cephalexin, and Cephalothin with 100% percentage of resistance, 96.6% for Cefotaxime, 86.6% against Oxillinc acid, Tobramycin, Erythromycin, Ceftriaxone, Cephradine, 83.3% against Doxycycline, and Oxytetracycline, 76.6% against Amoxicillin and Streptomycin, 56.6% against Colistin sulphate, 50% against Trimethoprime-sulfamethoxazole and Norfloxacin showed the lowest resistance percentage 36.6%. In commensal E. coli isolated from native chick farms, 100% resistance was reported against Penicillin, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin Clavulinic acid, Cephalexin, Cephalothin, Streptomycin and Streptomycin. In commensal E. coli isolated from imported chicks 100% drug resistance was reported against Penicillin, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin clavulinic acid, Cephradine, Cephalexin, and Cephalothin. In commensal E. coli isolated from hatcheries, 100% drug resistance was reported against Oxillinc acid, Tobramycin, Penicillin, Ampicillin, Cephradine, Cephalexin and Cephalothin. In nine out of the ten MDR isolates, the integrone gene was found with a percentage of (90%). In order to identify the main risk variables that raise the prevalence of AMR in broilers' cycle of production, more research is required. To sum up, the aim of the study was to reduce the use of antibiotics unless it is necessary to use them in order to minimize multidrug resistance.
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