HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF DIMETHOATE ON NILE TILAPIA FISH

HASSAN, SHAIMAA S.; ALI, MARWA F.; IDRISS, SHAIMAA K.; KHAIRY, MOHAMED

doi:10.21608/avmj.2023.232748.1183

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF DIMETHOATE ON NILE TILAPIA FISH

Document Type : Research article

Authors

¹ Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University.

² Department of aquatic Medicine and care, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University

10.21608/avmj.2023.232748.1183

Abstract

Dimethoate (DM) is one type of organophosphorus insecticide, that kills insects and mites both systemically and immediately upon contact and harms a range of non-target animals, including fish when it enters the aquatic habitat. This study aimed to determine the potentially harmful histopathological and biochemical impacts of Dimethoate on Nile tilapia fish. Sixty Oreochromis Niloticus freshwater fish, each weighing an average of 130 ± 10 g, were divided into two groups in triplicates. There were 6 groups, 3 control groups, and 3 experiment groups that received Dimethoate at a dose of 8 mg/l in water for 15 days. Blood samples were collected and used for biochemical indexes. For histological analysis, samples of the brain, gills, liver, and kidney were collected. The findings of the study demonstrated that fish treated with Dimethoate exhibited pale gills, anxious symptoms, as well as congestion and hemorrhages in many internal organs, comprising the brain, kidney, and liver. There was a significant increase in the blood levels of nitric oxide, lipid peroxide, and glutathione peroxidase and a significant fall in catalase levels in the Dimethoate group when compared to the control group. Pesticides, especially DM, should not be used carelessly in agriculture and allowed to accumulate in streams because of deleterious effects on fish.

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