Document Type : Research article
Authors
1
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
2
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Abstract
A factory producing phosphates fertilizer located in Manqabad village of Assiut governorate caused several heavy metals pollution to the surrounding environment through its discharge of industrial wastes and their recycling in soil and water resources. Lactating animals exposed to these pollutants through consuming contaminated grass, water and breathing contaminated air. This study aimed to estimate the levels of contamination in milk and some milk products with some metallic pollutants emitted from the factory. A total of 93 samples of raw milk, kareish cheese and cooking butter were collected from 3 different areas: 33 milk samples, 5 samples of kareish cheese and 5 samples of cooking butter were collected from Ezbet Gouda next to superphosphate factory at Manqabad village, Assiut governorate; 21 samples from Manqabad village which is about 1.5 km north to the factory, (7 milk, 7 kareish cheese and 7 cooking butter); 29 samples from Dayrut city which is about 53 km north to the factory, (7 milk, 17 kareish cheese and 5 cooking butter). All samples were examined physically for color and flavor. Cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), phosphorous (P) and sulfur (S) concentration were also measured. The levels of Cd, Cu, P and S concentrations in milk samples were 0.1, 0.44, 1160.1 and 440.4 ppm in
Ezbet Gouda; 0.09, 0.49, 1093.7 and 322.5 ppm in Manqabad village and 0.01, 0.17, 656.9 and 293.8 ppm in Dayrut city, respectively. Levels of such elements in kareish cheese samples were 0.5, 1.89, 3350.0 and 405.4 ppm in Ezbet Gouda; 0.15, 1.49, 3130.0 and 377.5 ppm in Manqabad village and 0.0, 0.41, 2848.0 and 309.2 ppm in Dayrut city, respectively. The levels of such elements in cooking butter samples were 1.2, 0.9, 1489.2 and 420.8 ppm in Ezbet Gouda; 0.01, 0.41, 1306.0 and 408.1 ppm in Manqabad village and 0.0, 0.25, 1090.4 and 302.0 ppm in Dayrut city, respectively. The obtained results showed a significant increase in Cd, Cu, P and S levels than the maximum acceptable limits (MAL) especially in Ezbet Gouda next to the factory then in Manqabad village, while, that increase was not significant in Dayrut city. The geographical distribution of such increase suggested the possibility of the metallic pollution of milk and milk products in the surrounding zone to the factory. This work recommend the regular monitoring of these products to alarm about the degree of pollution and to protect the consumers from the toxic hazards of these contaminants on their health
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