Isolation and Characterization of some Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Early Mortalities in Japanese Quail Chicks at Qena Governorate, Egypt

Document Type : Research article

Authors

1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt

2 Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt

3 Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.

4 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.

Abstract

Quail farms become widely spread in Egypt as a source of meat. Early mortality of quail
chicks is one of quail breeding limiting factors. This study was performed to study role of
some Enterobacteriaceae as a parable cause of early mortality in South Valley University
quail farm, characterize isolates phenotypically and serologically, determine their
antimicrobial sensitivity and to screen all isolates for presence of florfenicol resistance gene
(floR), Quaternary ammonium compounds resistance gene (QacA/B) and class 1 integrons
gene (Int1) and to screen E. coli, Salmonella and K. pneumoniae isolates for intimin encoding
gene (eaeA), invasive encoding gene (invA) and mucoviscosity associated gene (magA)
respectively. Therefore, 80 freshly dead or moribund Japanese quail chicks under 12 days of
age were collected from this farm during the period from December 2020 to April 2021 for
clinical assessment and bacterial isolation. Totally, 14 E. coli, 6 Salmonella and 1 K.
pneumoniae isolates were isolated and phenotypically identified from the internal organs of
the examined quail chicks with percentage of (17.5%), (7.5%) and (1.25%) respectively. E.
coli isolates belonged to 5 different O-serogroups comprising O86 (28.6%), O78 (21.4%), O26
(14.3%), O55 (14.3%) and O164 (7.1%) in addition to 2 nontypeable isolates (14.3%) while all
Salmonella isolates were serologically identified as S. Typhimurium with antigenic formula
1,4,[5],12:i:1,2. All isolates were weak biofilm producer except (33.3%) of S. Typhimurium
isolates and showed Congo red binding activity except (28.6%) of E. coli isolates while only
(14.3%) of E. coli isolates had hemolytic activity. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for the
isolates to 10 different antibiotics revealed that all the isolates were sensitive only to
chloramphenicol and oxytetracycline except (42.9%) and (85.7%) of E. coli isolates
respectively and to azithromycin except (35.7%) of E. coli isolates and K. pneumoniae. PCR
revealed that all the isolates harbor Int1 and floR genes, (100%) and (33.3%) of S.
Typhimurium isolates harbor invA and QacA/B genes respectively and only (21.4%) of E. coli
isolates harbor eaeA and QacA/B genes. It was concluded that E. coli and S. Typhimurium are
a major cause of early mortality of Japanese quail chicks.





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Main Subjects

References

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