ANATOMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE NASAL CAVITY OF THE CAMEL (Camelus dromedarius)

The macro- and micromorphological study of the nasal cavity of the camel revealed the following:
1. The cartilagenous support of the nostrils of the camel are represented only by the mobile part of the nasal septum, dorsal lateral nasal cartilage, medial and lateral accessory nasal cartila ges.
2. The skin lining the oral part of the nasal vestibule lacks sweat glands, while the sebaeous glands are distinctly small in size.
3. The nasal conchae are represented by the dorsal, ventral, middle and ethmoidal conchae.
4. The goblet cells increase gradually in number towards the interior of the nasal cavity as well as in the lining mucosa of the nasal conchae.
5. The olfactory region is restricted only to the caudal portion of the ethmoidal conchae. The lining muco a presents cryptlike depressions which contain numerous olfactory cells. The olfactory glands of Bowman are of the pure mucous varicty. They present melanin pigments especially at their basal portion.
6. The nasal glands which are of the sero-mucous type form a rather discoidal glandular mass at the mobile part of the nasal septum and small lobules distributed on the ventral, lateral and dorsal walls of the nasal vestibule.
7. The paranasal sinuses of the camel are the frontal, lacrimal sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses each opens independantly into the nasal cavity except the lacrimal and maxillary sinuses which open together by the naso-maxillary opening into the sinus meatus.