SOME ANATOMICAL STUDIES ON THE ORBIT IN MAN, CAT, GOAT AND. HORSE

The orbit of cat and goat lies in the rostral half of the skull while that of horse lies in the caudal half however, the orbit in man lies in the inferior (Ventral) half of the skull. It is formed of 6 bones in man,
as weil as, cat and goat and 7 bones in horse, of which the frontal bone shares by the largest orbital plate. The orbital plate of the palatine bone is prominent in goat. The ethmoid and temporal orbital plates are only recorded in man and horse. The palatine orbital plate is not involved at all in the formation of human bony orbit. The orbit represents about 29.06% in cat, 21.26% in goat, 19.56% in man and 11.01% in horse of the total length of the skull. On the other hand, it represents about 62.5% in cat, 38.78% in horse, 33% in goat and 17.64% in man of the total height of the skull. The distance between the two orbits reaches about (18 cm) in horse, (2 cm) in cat, (1.8 cm in man and (10 cm) in goat. The Rima orbitalis is formed of three bones in man and goat and four bones in horse and cat. The surface area of it is (2765.33 mm) in horse, (615.265 mm) in cat (1149.955 mm2) in man and (928.74 mm) in goat. Horse and goat have the greater relative field of vision but cat and man have the smaller one. On the contrary, the area of binocular vision and concentration is comparatively greater in man and cat but smaller in goat and horse. This is due to the orbits in man and cat are looked rostrally (anteriorly) but rostrolaterally in goat and horse.