EFFECTS OF FEEDING MUNG BEANS (VIGNARADIATE) ON THE BROILER PERFORMANCE

BAYZ SAEED, ROZHGAR

doi:10.21608/avmj.2016.170013

EFFECTS OF FEEDING MUNG BEANS (VIGNARADIATE) ON THE BROILER PERFORMANCE

Document Type : Research article

Author

ROZHGAR BAYZ SAEED

Poultry, Poultry Management and Production, Lecturer, Sulaimni

10.21608/avmj.2016.170013

Abstract

This experiment was carried out at the poultry research farm belonging to Faculty of Agriculture Science, Sulaimani University Bakrajo during the period from 24/10/2014 to 10/12/2014. This experiment was designed to study the effect of feeding different levels of mung beans (Vignaradiata) on the broiler performance. A total of 99 one-day old broiler chicks (ross 308) were randomly divided in to three experimental treatments with 3 replicates, each replicate contains 11 birds reared on floor cages. The first group was considered as (control) while the second group fed on diet, had 5% mung bean and the third group, received diet contain 10% mung bean. The effects of feeding mung beans at various two levels on the performance of young broiler chicks, for both trials there was no significant effect (P≥0.05) of diet contain mung beans on weight gain or feed conversion of broilers.

Keywords

Full Text

Assiut University web-site: www.aun.edu.eg

EFFECTS OF FEEDING MUNG BEANS (VIGNARADIATE) ON THE BROILER PERFORMANCE

ROZHGAR BAYIZ SAEED

Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sulaimani University.

Received: 17 July 2016; Accepted: 19 September 2016

ABSTRACT

Key words: Mung beans, Broiler, Performance.

INTRODUCTION

Increase awareness of consumers to healthy and safe animal products as well as worldwide ban to use antibiotics has made natural feed additives being studied and used. Prebiotic and phytobiotic are several alternatives to in feed antibiotic which have been shown to improve broilers performance and health (Murwani, 2010). Using of grains such as corn, sorghum and mung beans provide not only macro- and micro-nutrients but also other bioactive nutrients such as carotenoids in corn and mung beans and poliphenolic substance in sorghum and mung beans which can improve humoral immune response against vaccination (Awika et al., 2000; Murwani, 2008; Murwani and Murtini, 2009). Coccidiosis is recognized as the protozoal disease that has great economic impact on broiler production. It reduces feed consumption and thereby causes reduction of growth (Vegad, 2004 and Frolich et al., 2013). The relationship between diet composition and coccidiosis has been investigated and it has been proved that the dietary levels of various nutrients influence coccidial infection in poultry (Allen et al., 1998 and Singh et al., 2013b). Sprouted mung beans are rich in digestible energy (carbohydrates), bioavailable vitamins (B6 and C), chelated minerals (Ca, Fe, Mg,

Corresponding author: Dr. ROZHGAR BAYIZ SAEED

E-mail address: rozhgarbayzesaeed@yahoo.com

Present address: Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sulaimani University

P, K, Na, Zn, Cu, Mn, Se etc.), Omega-3 fatty acids, amino acids, proteins and beneficial enzymes. Many of these nutrients have well established role as anticoccidials. Due to their nutrient composition, these may be effective in controlling coccidiosis. However, there is scarcity of literature on this aspect. Mung bean hull is the seed coat covering the mung bean and it is abundantly available in Vietnam. Mung bean hull is characterized by a moderate level of crude protein (12%) and crude fiber (19%) which makes it suitable for inclusion in diets in pre-laying and laying hen. Moreover, the fiber content in Mung bean hull could reduce cholesterol in egg yolk, liver and plasma of laying hen (McNaughton 1978).

The objective of this study was the effect of mung bean inclusion in broiler diets on improvement of feat conversion, healthcare and growth of birds and reduce the incidence of non-microbial diseases and to investigate the of feat of adding mung beans to broiler diets on growth performance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The experimental was carried out at the poultry research farm belonging to Faculty of Agriculture Science, Sulaimani University in Bakrajo during the period from 24 /10/2104 to 5/12/2014. This experiment was designed to study the effect of feeding different levels of mung beans (Vignaradiata) on broiler performance. A total of 99 one-day old broiler (Ross 308) chicks were randomly divided in three experimental treatments with 3 replicates, each replicate contains 11 birds reared on floor cages.

1 - First treatment assigned as the control to which the other treated groups were compared.

2 - Chicks in the Second group fed on diet contain 5% crudemung bean.

3 - Birds in third treatment fed ad_ libitum on diets contain 10% crudemung beans.

Birds fed on the two types of diets for each transaction as shown in table (1).

Table 1: Components of the experimental diets

T3		T2		T1		Feed Component
finisher% (28-42)	starter% (7-28 days)	finisher% (28-42)	starter% (7-28 days)	finisher% (28-42)	starter% (7-28 days)	Feed Component
10	10	5	5	0	0	Mung bean
19,5	24,5	22	26,5	24	28,5	Soybean meal 44%
15	15	15	15	15	15	Wheat
47	39	50	42,5	54	46,5	Corn
4	3,5	3,5	3	2,5	2	sun flower seed oil**
4,5	8	4,5	8	4,5	8	protein concentrate*
calculated Chemical composition
19,5	23	20	22,9	20	22,9		Crude Protein%
3150	3017	3150	3033	3150	3045		ME (kcal/kg)

*protein concentrate (Provimi –Jordan) components. were 44% protein 2100 Kcal/Kg ME, (5% Fat, 2% Fiber, Calcium 6.5%, phosphor 6%, Lysine 3.85%, Methionine 3.75%, Met. + Cys 4%, Sodium 2.3%).

** Enriched With vitamin A,D.

Tested parameters: Live body weight and weight of individual chick were weighed with sensitive scale. Weight gain was calculated by subtracting the weight of the initial weight from the final weight for the following week as shown in the following.

weight gain = final weight - initial weight. Feed Intake was calculated for each diet consumer repeater week, as shown in the following equation:

Average feed consumed (g) = Feed provided at the beginning of the period (g) - feed remaining in the final period (g)/The total number of birds / Repeater (hadme, 1994).

Feed conversion ratio was calculated by the following equation: Food conversion factor = The average amount of diet consumed during the experimental period (g)/ weight gain (g).

Production Index was calculated by the following equation:

Production index = mean of weight×availability \ day × feed efficiency×100

Specific Carcass Characteristics

The slaughter process has been manually andcut carcass into parts separately and follow the same method for each carcass.

Six randomly selected birds aged 35 and 42 days for each treatment were slaughtered. Pre slaughter weighted, weighted of dressing

Dressing Percentage =carcass weight/ live weight ×100

The proportion of the main piece of the carcass included a major breast and thigh and heart, liver and gizzard was calculated by the following equation:

Percentage of pieces (thigh and breast), (heart, liver and gizzard)= weight of pieces/ carcass weight ×100

Percentage of pancreas = weight of pancreas / live weight ×100

Statistical analysis

Statistical analysis was performed for the first experimental data and implemented in accordance with the design of random full (CRD).

To study the treatment using the statistical program ready computer-XL stat, version 7.5 (2004) and depending on the mathematical model of the following

Yij = µ +TI+ eij

Differences among treatments were tested using Duncan^,s multiple range test (1955).

RESULTS

Effects of feeding mung beans at various levels on the performance of young broiler chickens are shown in Tables 2,3,4,5 and 6. For both trials there was no significant effect (P>.05) of diet on weight gain or feed conversion of broiler.

Table 2: Body weight development (g) as influenced by different dietary treatment (mean ± stander error).

Week Treatment	1	2	3	4	5	6
T1	141.67^a±13.32	389.39^a±13.317	723.33^a±23.09	1425.00^a±38.19	2100.00^a±117.56	2933.33^a±74.07
T2	139.39^a±4.01	380.30^a±4.009	720.00^a±3.33	1375.00^a±22.05	2108.33^a±152.98	3008.33^a±132.29
T3	112.12^b±13.21	350.00^a±13.209	680.00^a±29.06	1291.67^a±74.07	1883.33^a±16.67	2991.67^a±52.04

Table 3: Weekly Body weight gain (g) as influenced by different dietary treatment (mean ± stander error).

Week Treatment	1-2	2-3	3-4	4-5	5-6
T1	247.73^a±5.303	333.94^a±5.612	701.67^a±25.66	675.00^a±117.56	833.33^a±163.94
T2	240.91^a±8.436	339.70^a±12.313	^a655.00±21.67	733.33^a±152.98	900.00^a±252.21
T3	237.88^a±4.545	330.00^a±13.790	611.67^a±45.31	591.67^a±16.67	1108.33^a±126.11

Table 4: Weekly feed intake (g/chick) as influenced by different dietary treatment (mean ± stander error).

Week Treatment	1	2	3	4	5	6
T1	130.30^a±14.50	415.15^a±15.77	309.09^a±20.71	587.88^a±73.62	1063.64^a±16.51	1351.85^a±57.50
T2	130.93^a±15.96	376.64^ab±6.94	303.16^a±5.46	461.74^a±83.70	1111.62^a±50.62	1307.41^a±114.04
T3	100.00^a±8.02	359.09^b±31.82	307.58^a±9.94	490.91^a±52.57	1124.24^a±8.02	1329.63^a±68.59

Table 5: Weekly feed conversion index of broiler fed different experimental diets (mean ± stander error).

Week Treatment	1-2	2-3	3-4	4-5	5-6
T1	1.68^a±0.05	0.93^a±0.082	0.84^a±0.10	1.90^a±0.502	2.40^a±0.24
T2	1.57^a±0.08	0.89^a±0.017	0.70^a±0.15	1.52^a±0.401	1.46^a±1.20
T3	1.51^a±0.12	0.94^a±0.056	0.81^a±0.08	1.94^a±0.057	1.22^a±0.10

Table 6: Production index as influenced by using of mungbeans (mean ± stander error).

Week Treatment	1
T1	602.24^a±113.31
T2	509.52^a±184.76
T3	452.86 ^a±46.34

T1 control.

T2 used rawmung bean 5%.

T3: used raw mung bean 10%

×Different words meant that there is significant incorporeal under level (P<0.05)

Table 7 Shown the effect of feeding of mung bean on live body weight and percentage of pancreas at 35 and 42 day. No significant differences were observed in body weight and percentage of pancreas. The knowledge that the using of mung beans did not adversely effect on the pancreas, and this is evidence of a good use of the n broiler chickens.

Table 7: The effect of mung bean inclusion on live body weight and percentage of pancreas (mean ± stander error)

percentage of pancreas		live body weight		treatment
42d	35d	42d	35d
0.17^a±0.01	0.23 ^a±0.03	3360.00 a±96.95	2120.00^a±110.81	t1
0.22^a±0.03	0.24 ^a±0.03	2983.33 a±268.33	2250.00 ^a±132.71	t2
0.19^a±0.04	0.26 ^a±0.01	3316.67 a±115.76	2016.67 ^a±123.83	t3

Table 8 shown the effect of feeding mung bean on carcass weight and dressing percentage. at 35 and 42 day. No significant differences were observed in carcass weight and dressing percentage.

Table 8: Carcass weight and dressing percentage influenced by different dietary treatment (mean ± stander error)

dressing percentage			carcass weight		treatment
42d	35d		42d	35d
63.96^a±2.38		68.74^a±5.97	2175.20^a±110.01	1429.20^a±94.64	t1
58.46^ab±1.38		67.21^a±1.55	1784.83^b±146.89	1513.17^a±107.78	t2
55.38^b±2.71		62.34^a±4.06	1788.67^b±158.29	1282.50^a±131.69	t3

Breast and thigh percentage of broilers at 35 and 42 day are shown in Table9. There was no significant difference in breast meat yield (P ≥0.05) between treatments.

Table 9: Effect of using mung beans on thigh and Breast percentage of broiler (mean ± stander error)

Brest		thigh		treatment
42d	35d	42d	35d
23.74^a±1.48	20.83^a±1.75	17.54^a±0.33	18.70^a±0.90	t1
21.16^a±0.73	23.49^a±0.79	15.84^a±0.38	16.76^a±0.81	t2
22.93^a±1.05	25.16^a±2.41	16.92^a±0.49	19.53^a±0.49	t3

Table 10 shown the effect of feeding mung bean on heart, liver and gizzard percentage with carcass weight at 35 and 42 day. No significant differences were observed in heart, liver and gizzard percentage in 35and 42 days.

Table 10: The effect of using mung beans on liver, heart and gizzard of broiler (mean ± stander error)

Gizzard		heart		liver		treatment
42d	35d	42d	35d	42d	35d
1.43^a±0.08	2.02^a±0.16	0.51^a±0.04	0.53^a±0.04	2.02^a±0.10	2.37^a±0.16	t1
1.61^a±0.09	1.93^a±0.21	0.41^a±0.03	0.57^a±0.04	1.68^a±0.09	1.99^a±0.15	t2
1.46^a±0.06	2.17^a±0.15	0.46^a±0.05	0.53^a±0.03	1.78^a±0.15	2.28^a±0.08	t3

DISCUSSION

The present results cleared evidence that mung beans, when properly supplemented, will support good growth in broiler chickens at levels up to 40% of the diet. Raw mung beans do not appear to contain anti nutritional factors such as those found in soybean (Almquist and Merritt, 1952), field or red beans (Kienholz et al., 1962), and lima beans (Rockland and Metzler, 1967). Similar results were obtained by creswell (1980) who found that feeding mung beans had no significant effect on broiler performance.

The effectiveness of these dietary treatments might be due to either changes in gut flora, reduced trypsin activity in the small intestine, antioxidant, membrane stabilizing and/or immunomodulating properties. However, further research is needed to know the exact factor responsible for anticoccidial effect of sprouted mung (Singh, 2013a).

CONCLUSION

Add the seeds mung beans raw did not show any significant differences in the productive performance of broiler chickens, but did not adversely affect the productive performance

REFERENCE

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تاثير تغذية بذور الماش الخام على الاداء الانتاجي لفروج اللحم

روذکار بايز سعيد

قسم الانتاج الحيواني ، فاکلتي العلوم الزراعية ، جامعة السليمانية ، اقليم کردستان العراق

Email:rozhgarbayzesaeed@yahoo.com Assiut University web-site: www.aun.edu.eg

أجريت هذه الدراسة في حقول الدواجن التابعة لمديرية الحقول الزراعية/ فاکلتي العلوم الزراعية/ جامعة السليمانية في منطقة بکرجو، بدأت التجربة في 24/10/2014 وانتهت فى 10/12/2014م. صممت التجربة لدراسة تأثير تغذية مستويات مختلفة من بذور الماش الخام على الأداء الانتاجي لفروج اللحم. تم استخدام عدد (99) أفراخ لفروج اللحم من سلالة Ross 308 بعمر يوم واحد. وزعت عشوائياَ على ثلاثة معاملات بواقع 3 مکررات لکل معاملة عدد 11 افراخ لکل مکرر. تم تغذية المجموعة الاولى (المعاملة الاولى) على عليقة السيطرة بدون بذور ماش الخام وتم اضافة 5٪ من بذور ماش الخام على المجموعة او معاملة الثانية في حين تم اضافة 10٪ من بذور ماش الخام على عليقة المعاملة الثالثة. اظهرت النتائج انه لم يکن هناک اي اثر لاضافة واستبدال بذور الماش في علائق افراخ التسمين على الاداء الانتاجي لفروج اللحم ولم يظهر اي فروق معنوية على زيادة الوزن او التحويل الغذائي في الدجاج.

References