Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001MICROBIAL EVALUATION OF FRESH GOAT MUSCLES SOLD IN A RURAL PLACE IN UPPER EGYPT11418362510.21608/avmj.1997.183625ENSH. M.FATHIJournal Article19970730Thirty goat muscles were microbiologicaly examined for selected microorganisms just after sla<span style="text-decoration: underline;">ug</span>hter and during selling in a rural place related<br /> to Assiut Governorate. The animals were slaughtered outside the official slaughter houses under unhygienic conditions. The collected samples were 10 muscles of each of the shoulder, psoas and thigh which were obtained from the same owner at different intervals to evaluate the microbial status of fresh goat carcases as meat is retailed in small quantities from hung carcases throughout the day. The carcase is exposed to ambient temperature, atmospheric and microbial load due to handling practices as well as surfaces of carcases are easily contaminated with microorganisms during skinning and evisceration. The average counts of aerobic plate, Aeromonas hydrophila, coliforms, Enterobacteriaceae, <em>E</em><em>.</em><em>coli</em><em>, </em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa, moulds an yeasts were 76 X 106, 51 X 107, 50 X 105, 46 X 10%, <em>2</em>9.01, 22 X 104,53 and 22 X 103<em>/</em>g of examined shoulder muscles, whereas they were 15 X 106, 34X 107, 20 X 105, 40 X 105,61.31, 89 X 104, 33 and 19 X 103/g of psoas muscles and they were 41 X 106,35 X 107, 10 X 105, 21 X 105, 56.70, 16 X 104, 74 and 25 X 10<em>3</em><em>/</em>g of examined thigh muscles, respectively. The incidence of identified moulds species isolated from examined goat muscles was A<em>sp < /em><em>. </em><em>flavus </em><em>(</em>18.75%), <em>Asp < /em><em>. </em><em>niger </em><em>(</em>56.25%), <em>Mucor </em><em>spp < /em><em>. </em>(12.50%) and <em>Penicilliu</em><em>m </em><em>spp < /em><em>. </em>(12.50%). Public health hazards of slaughtering food animals in unsanitary places outside slaughter houses as well as different sources of contamination of such carcases were discussed.</em></em></em></em>https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183625_b1603a656c9d5542daa533cef10f864c.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001SOME STUDIES ON LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN RABBITS152718362610.21608/avmj.1997.183626ENS.KhABD EL-GHAFFARA.M.ABD-ELGWADJournal Article19970721In studying <em>Listeria </em><em>monocytogenes </em>in rabbits, a total of "50" diseased as well as freshly dead animals suspected clinically and pathologically to suffer from the disease were examined. The affected rabbits were collected from different governmental and private farms at Assiut Governorate. They were subjected to post mortem as well as bacteriological examinations. Only nine positive cases of <em>Listeria monocytogenes </em>were isolated with an incidence of 18%. Identification of the causative organism was based on morphological,<br /> biochemical and biological characters as well as histopathological lesions. Liver, uterus and brain showed the typical lesions of listeriosis in rabbit. The gravid and aborted uteri were severely affected than the non gravid one. The spleen showed severe heamorhage in the red pulp and exhaustion of the lymphocytic elementes. In vitro antibiotics sensitivity tests showed that the examined isolates were highly sensitive to gentamycin, tetracycline and spictinomycinhttps://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183626_c91a50779fc12362d890e6a41dd7757a.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001INCIDENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA GROUP IN MEAT AND SOME MEAT PRODUCTS IN ASSIUT283818362710.21608/avmj.1997.183627ENSEHAM. M.ALYJournal Article1997090175 beef cuts (chilled in the lab.), Frozen minced meat and Frozen sausage (25 each) were collected from different butcher's shops and different localities of different sanitation levels at Assiut. These samples were examined for the presence of <em>Aeromona</em><em>s h</em><em>ydrophila </em>group, using enrichment procedure and surface spread plate technique. The obtained results pointed out that 44%,<br /> 56% and 28% of the examined beefcuts meat "chilled in the lab.", frozen minced meat and frozen sausage respectively, while no A<em>eromonas </em><em>hydrophila </em>group was recovered from beef cuts meat at "zero time". 52 A<em>eromon</em><em>as </em><em>h</em><em>ydrophila </em>strains isolated in this study were characterized according to species level as follows: 33 <em>Aeromonas </em><em>hydrophila</em><em>, </em><em>1</em>2 <em>Aeromonas </em><em>caviae </em>and 7 a<em>s </em><em>Aeromonas </em><em>sobria</em><em>. </em>All strains were examined for their ability to produce haemolysin as a virulence factor. Strains identified as <em>Aeromonas </em><em>hydrophila </em>were the strongest producers of haemolysin. Concerning Gelatinase and DNase, the majority of the 52 strains had DNase and Gelatinase activities. The public health and economic significance of the obtained results were discussed.https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183627_d1964785c24ebbadd9202bb60f8395e0.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF SOFT CHEESES MANUFACTURED IN MINIA CITY394718362810.21608/avmj.1997.183628ENY. TH.KALDESJournal Article19970715Sixty random samples of different types of soft cheese (20 samples each of Dammietta, fresh and pickled kareish cheese) were randomly collected from<br /> different markets in Minia city. The microbiological counts showed that the average values of total colony, coliform<em>, </em><em>staph</em><em>. </em><em>aureu</em>s, enterococcus and yeast and mould counts in fresh kareish cheese were 2.9 x108 + 0.6x10, 52x107 + 1.9x10', 8.9 x 107 + 5.9x10<em>"</em><em>; </em>7<em>.</em><em>2</em>x10<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+ </span>1.1x10' and 2.4x10'+ 0.7x107 and in pickled kareish cheese were 1.2 x 10^+ 1.1x109, 3.4 x 10? + 1.6x102, 7.8 x 10+ 0.8x10, 8.1 x 10°+ 2.5x102 and 4.2 x 102 + 1.3x102; while in Dammietta cheese they were 1.7x10 + 9x109, 2<em>.</em>6 x10 + 1.2x104, 6.3x10* + 0.’x102, 6.8x109 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">+ </span>2.3 x 10% and 7.9 x10' <span style="text-decoration: underline;">+ </span>1.8x 102, respectively. The high percentage of sodium chloride and increased acidity in pickled kareish cheese inhibited the growth of existing contaminant and hence low counts and isolates were obtained from this product. The obtained results revealed that <em>Stre</em><em>pt</em><em>. </em><em>f</em><em>aecalis</em><em>, </em><em>E</em><em>. </em><em>coli </em><em>a</em>nd coagulase positive <em>Staph</em><em>. </em><em>aureus </em>could be isolated from 26, 33 and 3 of cheese samples, respectively. The present study prove that the fresh kareish and Dammietta cheese in Minia city were manufactured, handled under neglected sanitary measures. Therefore, strict hygienic measures should be adopted during production of such valuable products.https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183628_dad8470fe62c708ab1dcac08d83ebfed.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001HELMINTH PARASITES OF SHEEP IN DAKAHLIA PROVINCE- EGYPT485418362910.21608/avmj.1997.183629ENM. EL-SAYEDHASHEMJournal Article19970901The present study included identification of helminth parasites of sheep in Dakahlia province through faecal examination. Infection rate of helminth parasites was(56.8%)<em>. Fasciola </em>an<em>d </em><em>Paramphistomum r</em>ecorded 6.4% and 11.2% respectively. Strongylorine e<span style="text-decoration: underline;">g</span>gs showed high rate of infection (46.4%) while the others <em>Strongyloides </em>spp.<em>, </em><em>Trichuris </em>spp. and <em>Nematodirus </em>spp. were represented by 8%, 4.8% and 0.8% respectively. Faecal culture of strongylorine e<span style="text-decoration: underline;">g</span>gs revealed that <em>Haemonchus </em>spp. was the highest in prevalence(30.14%). This was followed by <em>Trichostrongylus (</em>22.14%). <em>Cooperia (</em>10.34%) and <em>Oesphgostomum (</em>4.31%)<em>. Moniezia </em>spp. was found in a percentage(2.4%). Single infection with strongylorine parasites recorded high rate of infection( 24.8% )while mixed infection by <em>Paramphistomum </em>and strongylorine was represented by( 7.2<em>%</em>). https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183629_819cc2d85bd8a4ebebea86556e14d058.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001INCIDENCE OF BACILLUS CEREUS IN SOME FOOD STUFFS WITH THE SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS PRODUCTION OF THERMONUCLEASE ENZYME IN ASSIUT CITY556518363010.21608/avmj.1997.183630ENNAWAL GH,KHALILJournal Article19970715samples of meat and milk products (40 total of 200 random A samples of lunchoen, susage, kareish cheese, ice cream and yoghurt)<br /> The samples were examined Assiut city.<br /> from collected were<br /> bacteriologically to enumerate and isolate <em>Bacillu</em><em>s </em><em>c</em><em>ereu</em>s using surface plating technique on KG agar plates. <em>Bacillus </em><em>cereu</em>s was found in 20 (50%); 23(57%); 15(37.5%) and 34(85%) samples of lunchoen, susage, kareish cheese and ice cream with a mean values of 3.8 10°, 5 X 10, 1.52 X 109 and 4.5 X 10cfu/g or ml, respectively. <em>Bacillus </em><em>cereus </em>could not be isolated from yoghurt. 55.43% of isolated <em>Bacillus </em><em>cereus </em>produce thermolabile Deoxyribonuclease at PH (9) while 14.13% produce it at pH (6.7). On the other hand thermostable Deoxyribonuclease activated only at PH(9) with incidence of 3.26%. All <em>Bacillu</em><em>s </em><em>c</em><em>ereus </em>strains were highly senstive to bacitracin, chlormephenicol, erythromycin, gentamycin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin and tetracycline, whereas all isolates were resistant to colistin and pencillin. The puplic health importance and sanitary measures to minimize contamination of food stuffs with <em>Bacillus </em><em>cereus </em>are discussed.https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183630_f5ebfc4b1d2d51d067113e1f66dd321e.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001INFLUENCE OF DIETARY LASALOCID ON SOME SERUM CHARACTERSTICS AS WELL AS SEMEN QUALITY AND FREEZABILITY IN ADULT BARKI RAMS647718363110.21608/avmj.1997.183631ENM. A.HEGAZYMARY G.ABDEL MALKMAHA S.ZIADAJournal Article19970903To study the effect of dietary lasalocid on serum insulin, cholesterol, Ca, P, Mg, Zn and Cu as well as semen quality and freezability, a number of six mature Barki rams (about 26 months of age and 46.5kg) were used during the periods of pretreatment (before feeding for 3 sucessive weeks) and post treatment (after feedin<span style="text-decoration: underline;">g </span>for 9 sucessive weeks) periods. The pretreatment diet was 4 kg green corn (Darrawa) plus 250 kg of pelleted complete diet (11% crude protein and 2.4 Mcal ME/kg). Lasalocid treatment (post treatment) was the pretreatment diet with the addition of 22 mg lasalocid sodium head\day. Feeding lasalocid resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) h<span style="text-decoration: underline;">i</span>gher serum insulin (5.53 -6.19 ng/ml), cholesterol(81.00 - 85.78 mg/dl), P (5.13 - 5.52 mg/dl), Mg (2.93- 3.03 mg/dl), Zn (1.38 -1.46 mg/l) and Cu (0.99 . 1.15 mg/dl) during post-treatment period than before (pretreatment; 4.83 ng/ml, 78.5mg/dl, 4.65mg/dl, 2.86mg/dl, 1.14mg/l and 0.86mg/l, respectivily). On the contrary, serum Ca level was s<span style="text-decoration: underline;">i</span>gnificantly (p < 0.05) lower after lasalocid supplementation (9.52 - 9.08 mg/dl) than before(9.88 mg/dl). Lasalocid fed rams also exhibited a greater(p < 0.01)scrotal circumference (33.95 - 37.83 cm) than before feeding (31.92 cm). On the other hand, neither semen volume (ml) nor L/D (<em>%</em>) was affected by lasalocid supplementation. However, both semen concentration and individual motility were significantly (p < 0.05) improved by lasalocid feeding (4243.3 - 6133.3 X10°<em>/</em>ml and 85.28 - 90.00%, respectivily) than before (2434.4 x 10ml and 71.67%, respectivily). On contrast, both major and minor abnormalities tended to be increased by lasalocid feeding. Meanwhile, both post-thawing motility and viability index of fro<em>z</em>en semen were s<span style="text-decoration: underline;">i</span>gnificantly (p < 0.05) higher during post-treatment (38.33-55.83% and 48.75-102.92, respectivily) than during pretreatment (33.06% and 38.91, respectivily) period. Significant correlation coefficients were reported between some serum and semen<br /> parameters as well as scrotal circumferance. It can be concluded that, lasalocid sodium can be used in a rate of 22mg\head\day for Barki rams for improving semen quality and freezability during breeding season.https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183631_77182710022be2f68354a7ff3aba9a1b.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001IMPROVING FECUNDITY IN BARK] EWES BY USING NUTRITIONAL FLUSHING AND EXOGENOUS GONADOTROPINS789618363310.21608/avmj.1997.183633ENM. A.HEGAZYK. M. E.MOHAMMEDJournal Article19970903https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183633_7785e8a92a7247ef30a1748400604c13.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001OCCURRENCE OF LISTERIA SPECIES IN LAYING HENS9710318363710.21608/avmj.1997.183637ENASMAA A.A.HUSSEINJournal Article19970913<strong>SUM</strong><strong>MARY </strong>Eggs and droppings of laying hens were examined for the presence of listeria organisms. The recovery rates of <em>L</em><em>. </em><em>monocytogenes </em>and other listeria species of the e<span style="text-decoration: underline;">gg </span>shell rinses amounted to 8.3% and 3.3% respectively. Detection of Listeria failed in e<span style="text-decoration: underline;">gg </span>contents. The isolation rates of <em>L</em><em>. </em><em>monocytogene</em>s and other listeria species of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">egg </span>shell rinses & egg contents were 3.3<em>% </em><em>(</em><em>L</em><em>. </em><em>monocytogene</em>s) and 1.6% (other listeria species). The overall recovery rate of listeria from the droppings amounted to 25% (13.3% for <em>L</em><em>. </em><em>monocytogene</em>s. and 11.7% for other listeria species). The public health importance of listeria in eggs and droppings of layers was discussed.https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183637_83b505c7edda5c12d4e0474d72fbea04.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001MYCOPLASMA AND UREAPLASMA OF THE GENITAL TRACT OF CAMELS IN EGYPT10411818363810.21608/avmj.1997.183638ENNAGLAA I.HASSANTALAL M.AHMEDJournal Article19970903https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183638_268549868b0f019b9aa2e27dbe81e517.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001THYROID PICTURE AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF EGYPTIAN SAIDI RAMS FED SOME AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES TREATED WITH UREA AND SUPPLEMENTED WITH LIVE YEAST11914118363910.21608/avmj.1997.183639ENA.EZAYEDH.A.DAGHASHA.ABOU-ELMAGDG.A.ABD EL-HAFIZJournal Article19970901Twenty Egyptian Saidi rams aging 8 months with an average body weight of about 34 Kg were used in this study. They were randomly divided into 4 groups, each one consisted of 5 animals. All animals were fed a diet consisting of commertial concentrate mixture and roughages viz; wheat straw, corn cobs, sugar cane tops and bagasse for the first (control), second, third and fourth groups respectively. The used roughages, except wheat straw, were treated with 1% urea. All animals, except the control, were fed 10g live yeast per head per day. Feed intake, weight gain, thyroid morphology and levels of thyroid hormone(T4), total cholesterol and glucose as well as T4 uptake and free thyroxine index (FTI) were investigated. The feed intake and weight gain were significantly h<span style="text-decoration: underline;">i</span>gh in groups given sugar cane tops and corn cobs as compared with the control. A significantly high T4 and glucose accompanied by low total cholesterol levels were recorded in all groups when compared to the group fed wheat straw. The present differences between the studied groups in the volume density and structure of the various components of the thyroid gland reflect the close relationship between the ration constituents and the thyroid morphology. A morphologically active thyroid gland in the groups given bagasse and sugar cane tops in comparison with the control group explains their h<span style="text-decoration: underline;">i</span>gh serum level of T4. A less morpholo<span style="text-decoration: underline;">gi</span>cally active thyroid gland (compared with the control) in the group fed corn cobs, despite the relatively h<span style="text-decoration: underline;">i</span>gh T4 in the blood, may be attributed to the low thyroid hormone consumption by tissues in this group. In conclusion, this study showed that feeding uncommonly used agricultural feed residues particularly sugar cane tops and corn cobs, treated with urea and supplemented by live yeast reflects good performance of sheep which may be attributed to the sl<span style="text-decoration: underline;">i</span>ghtly low iodine intake in these groups that leaded to an increase in the function of the thyroid gland in addition to the good palatability of these roughages.https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183639_2aa3f97e1bd565231c437b58de768422.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001EFFECT OF CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER ON QUALITY OF EGYPTIAN BUFFALO LIQUID SEMEN (ROLE OF CALCIUM ON SPERM APOPTOSIS)14216818364110.21608/avmj.1997.183641ENG.A.MEGAHEDM.M.ANWARJournal Article19970918The effect of calcium <em>(</em>Ca2+) blocker upon the buffalo-bull liquid semen was studied through increasing the life-span of sperm during<br /> 142<br /> <em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">As</span></em><em>siut </em><em>Vet</em><em>. </em><em>Med</em><em>. </em><em>J</em><em>. </em><em>Vol</em><em>. </em><em>38 </em><em>No</em><em>. </em><em>75</em><em>, </em><em>October </em><em>199</em><em>7 </em><br /> storage with keeping the penetrating ability and decreasing the acrosomal and membrane integrity. Semen was diluted and mixed with 0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 20.0 and 30.0 ug Ca2+ blocker/100 x 10R sperm. The samples were stored at 4°C for 6 days and examined daily. The obtained results revealed that, sperm motility, alive sperm percentages and sperm penetrating ability were improved and increased significantly with the concentrations of Ca-* blocker especially higher concentrations (20 and 30 ug). In addition, s<span style="text-decoration: underline;">i</span>gnificant decrease in sperm abnormalities and acrosomal integrity percentages were observed after adding Ca' blocker. LDH and lipid peroxide levels were decreased significantly with the higher concentrations of Ca2+ blocker. Moreover, the ultrastructure of treated sperm head showed that, the high concentration of Ca2+ blocker had a better protective effect against membrane integrity. The effect of Ca2+ blocker on sperm cells may be through blockage of Cat uptake with subsequent protection from damage (apoptosis) and indirect through preventing more cell damage during storage which in turn decreased free radical oxygen that had a dangerous effect upon sperm.https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183641_66228902e772d1628bc4adf495ec14ca.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001EFFECT OF THE INFECTION WITH CRYPTOSPORIDIUM ON THE IMMUNE RESPONSE OF CHICKENS VACCINATED WITH NEWCASTLE DISEASE VACCINES AND/OR GUMBORO DISEASE VACCINES16918418364210.21608/avmj.1997.183642ENN.A.ABD EL WANISAFAF H.AMINMS.MADKOURENSAF M.KHASHABAHJournal Article19970303To study the efficacy of Newcastle disease and infectious bursal disease vaccines in chickens infected by cryptosporidium, 280, seven days old chicks were used and divided into 14 groups. Chickens were vaccinated with live or inactivated Newcastle disease vaccines and live or inactivated Gumboro disease vaccines or both vaccines. Random blood samples were collected for four weeks post vaccination for invest<span style="text-decoration: underline;">ig</span>ation of humoral immune response against Newcastle disease vaccine by the haem<span style="text-decoration: underline;">aggl</span>utination inhibition (HI) test, and by serum neutralization and agar gel precipitation tests for Gumboro disease vaccine. Investigation of the cellular immune response was carried out using lymphocyte transformation test for both Newcastle and Gumboro disease vaccines and delayed hypersensitivity for Newcastle disease vaccine only. S<span style="text-decoration: underline;">i</span>gnificant difference was found in both humoral and cellular immune response between groups that infected and vaccinated either with Newcastle or Gumboro disease vaccines or both compared to the control groups that vaccinated only. From the obtained results, the following recommendation should be put in consideration : (1) Rearing the birds in good hygienic measures, (2) Faecal examination of the birds specially for cryptosporidium before vaccination.https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183642_288cc5a41472012043c63f37e4481e3b.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001EFFECTS OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED ENROFLOXACIN ON THE ENTERIC LACTOBACILLUS FLORA OF THE CHICKENS18519018364310.21608/avmj.1997.183643ENE.M.EL-SAYEDA.M.AHMEDJournal Article19970715The study was conducted on 10 days old, broiler chicks, the chicks were orally administered enrofloxacin 10% in a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight for five successive days. Entric contents samples were taken, diluted and inoculated in ROGOSA media, directely after drug withholding and every week after, for five weeks. Body weight also was recorded weekly. The<br /> results showed that, enrofloxacin 10% in a dose of 10 mg<em>/</em>kg. body we<span style="text-decoration: underline;">ig</span>ht orally administered for five days, had a temporary inhibitory effects on the entric lactobacillus of broiler chicken. The lactobacillus of enteric contents returned back to its normal pattern one week after with-holding of the drug. It was concluded that, enrofloxacin had insignificant effects on the body weight in broiler chickens.https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183643_6d1901f16ff740c74d67a56c85083697.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001TWO NEW SPECIES OF MESOSTIGMATID MITES (ACARI) ASSOCIATED WITH SPONGES FROM THE RED SEA, EGYPT19120418364610.21608/avmj.1997.183646ENSOMAIA A.RAMADANJournal Article19970906Two new species of mesost<span style="text-decoration: underline;">ig</span>matid water mites were collected from the Wild sponge, Red Sea, Egypt<em>, </em><em>Planodiscus </em><em>furcatus </em>n. sp. and <em>Zercon </em><em>reticulatus </em>n. sp. They are recorded and described for the first time.https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183646_fafbd13c548780375ba0ca564def9083.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut Veterinary Medical Journal1012-597338.17519971001DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF SOME SWELLINGS AT THE HEAD AND NECK REGIONS IN SOME FARM ANIMALS20521818364710.21608/avmj.1997.183647ENS F.ISMAILJournal Article19970925https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_183647_d8eae9f563b534e217106c9bf5f97bbe.pdf